Luteinizing Hormone (LH)

What is luteinizing hormone (LH)?

Luteinizing hormone (LH) is a hormone produced by the pituitary gland in the brain. It plays a key role in regulating the menstrual cycle in women and the production of testosterone in men.

How does LH affect the menstrual cycle?

LH plays a key role in the menstrual cycle by stimulating the production of estrogen and progesterone in the ovaries. It also triggers ovulation, the release of an egg from the ovary. In the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle, LH helps to maintain the corpus luteum, which produces estrogen and progesterone.

How is LH measured in a laboratory setting?

LH can be measured through a blood test or a urine test. In a blood test, a healthcare provider will take a sample of the patient's blood and send it to a laboratory for analysis. In a urine test, the patient will collect a sample of their urine and bring it to a laboratory for analysis.

What is the normal range for LH levels in men and women?

The normal range for LH levels in men is 1-9 IU/L. In women, the normal range for LH levels varies depending on the phase of the menstrual cycle. During the follicular phase, the normal range is 1-20 IU/L. During the luteal phase, the normal range is 1-20 IU/L. During pregnancy, the normal range is 1-5 IU/L.

What can cause abnormal LH levels in men and women?

Abnormal LH levels in men can be caused by conditions such as testicular failure, pituitary gland disorders, and hypothalamic disorders. In women, abnormal LH levels can be caused by conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), menopause, and pituitary gland disorders.

How is an abnormal LH level treated?

Treatment for abnormal LH levels depends on the underlying cause of the abnormal level. For example, if the abnormal LH level is caused by testicular failure, treatment may involve hormone replacement therapy. If the cause is a pituitary gland disorder, treatment may involve medications or surgery to correct the disorder.

What other hormones are commonly tested alongside LH?

Other hormones that are commonly tested alongside LH include follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), estrogen, and testosterone. These hormones all play a role in reproductive health and can be used to diagnose and treat conditions such as infertility, menopause, and hypogonadism.